讲解

回顾

结构无误。

In an essay entitled “Making It in America,” the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”

生词

• entitle v. 称做…；定名为…；给…称号
• relate v. 讲述；把……联系起来
• a modern textile mill 一个现代纺织厂
• automate v. 自动化，自动操作
• employee n. 雇员，员工

解析

1. 找谓语动词：relates/ has been automated/has/is/is
2. 断开：通过标点冒号和连接词how以及分析主谓来断开长难句
   1. 【主句】句1：In an essay entitled “Making It in America,” the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just
   2. 【宾从，about介宾从句】句2：how much a modern textile mill has been automated:
   3. 句3：The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog.
   4. 句4：The man is there to feed the dog,
   5. 【并列】句5：and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”
3. 重点：
   1. 去修饰找核心：前半句中去掉了介词短语、非谓语动词和同位语后，核心内容只有：… the author… relates a joke…，简化之后极大地帮助了大家理解句子内容。
   2. 名词后的并列：名词a joke后面，介词短语from cotton country 和介词加从句about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated都是修饰名词a joke的，这类多个修饰语并列（短的放前，长的在后）考研中经常考。
   3. 熟词僻意：relate此处不表示“联系”，表示“讲述”。
4. 翻译：《在美国制造》一文中，作者亚当•戴维森提及一个有关棉花产地某现代纺织厂自动化程度的笑话：该普通纺织厂如今只有两名员工，“一个人和一只狗。人负责喂狗，而狗负责让人远离机器。”

预习

Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.

生词

• stubbornly adv. 固执地，倔强地
• globalization n. 全球化

解析

1. 找谓语动词：is/have/have/is/is/are
2. 断开：that/that/is/which
   1. 【主句】句1：Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces
   2. 【定从】句2：that have recently appeared making the point
   3. 【同位】句3：that the reason 句4 is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession,
   4. 【定从】句4：we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today
   5. 【并列】句5：but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution,
   6. 【定从】句6：which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.
3. 表达几件事：六个谓语六件事。
4. 翻译：
   1. 戴维斯的文章是其中之一大量最近发表的文章，它们做出了这个观点，我们如此高的失业率和中产阶级收入下降的原因是大衰退导致的需求大下降，但这也因为全球化和信息技术革命有关，它们比以往更快的替代劳动力用机器或者外国工人。
   2. 戴维森的文章是最近发表的许多文章中的一篇，这些文章认为，我们今天失业率居高不下、中产阶级收入下降的主要原因是大衰退导致的需求大幅下降，但这也与全球化和信息技术革命的进步有关，它们比以往任何时候都更快地用机器或外国工人取代劳动力。