讲解

回顾

This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.

生词

• create  v. 创造
• paradox  n. 自相矛盾，前后矛盾的情形/事物，悖论
• recruit  v. 招募（新生/新兵/新成员）
• first-generation students  第一代大学生
• higher education  高等教育
• continue to do sth.  继续做某事
• reproduce  v. 再次制造，再生
• widen  v. 拓宽
• achievement gap  成就差距
• based on…  以……为基础，基于……
• according to…  根据……
• depressing  adj. 令人压抑的，令人沮丧的
• forthcoming  adj. 即将到来的
• Psychological Science 心理科学

解析

1. 找谓语动词：has created/means/has continued
2. 断开：通过标点符号逗号，以及连接词in that/that来断开长难句
   1. 【主句】句1：This has created “a paradox” ,句2， according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.
   2. 【宾从】句2：in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means 句3
   3. 【宾从】句3：that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class
3. 翻译：这就造成了一个“悖论”—招录第一代大学生，但看着他们失败。这意味着高等教育继续催生和扩大基于社会阶级的成就差距，而不是缩小它。

预习

But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.

生词

• outlines n. 轮廓，外形 v. 概述，勾勒

解析

1. 找谓语动词：is/outlines/involves/can close
2. 断开：but/as/that/which
   1. 【主句】句1：But the article is actually quite optimistic,
   2. 【原因】句2：as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting
   3. 【宾从】句3：that an approach can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.
   4. 【定从】句4：(which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program)
3. that从句核心内容：将which从句摘出来后，that从句如句3，核心内容是an approach can close 63 percent … between first-generation and other students ，一个可以缩小63%的第一代学生跟其他学生差距的方法。
4. 翻译：但这篇文章实际上是相当乐观的，因为它概述了这个问题的潜在解决方案，建议一种方法(包括一个小时，几乎没有成本的课程)可以缩小第一代学生和其他学生之间63%的成就差距(以成绩等因素衡量)。